六級閱讀填空習題 Passage 10

The desire to venture into unexplored “landscape” guides the direction of new genres. With the advent of the Internet, information-based technology has enabled artists to investigate a new art form, a cerebral（大腦的）“medium for creative expression”, web art. Web art surfaced in the mid-1990s to receive, almost immediately, much support and encouragement by museums, foundations and other traditional institutions. Institutions such as the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum of Art, as well as the Dia Foundation and the Walker Art Center have openly accepted this new genre of art through purchasing web art for permanent collections, funding web art projects and creating exhibitions solely comprised of web based media. Even though the fast-developing art medium is in its infancy and the “criteria for artistic evaluation are still being developed”, curators, critics and the art public have not only embraced the web aesthetic but the conceptual elements encoded within as well.

The phenomenon of acceptance and support enjoyed by such an emerging art form can be assertively attributed to our culture in general, but more specifically the underlying ideas manifested over time through postmodernism. Postmodernism gave birth to “conceptual art”, an art practice which suggested that the art had traversed from object to idea, from a tangible thing to a“system of thought”. Technology has created a new reproductive medium, which by its very nature confirms the ideas and canons of postmodernism both aesthetically as well as contextually, even more absolutely than photography. Web art has enabled the artist to interrogate the conventional codes embedded in the materiality of the art and thus transcend traditional stylistic conventions. The movement and ideals of postmodernism systematically dismantled the values created by the formalist establishment. Formal values, which governed art throughout modernism, concerning originality, uniqueness, authenticity, autonomy, transcendence and aesthetic quality, were questioned and thus deconstructed by art theorists who embraced the writings of Roland Barthes, Jacques Derrida and Walter Benjamin.

The format and content of web art concisely encompass the postmodern concept of representation and the ideas of copy vs. original, artist vs. viewer, spatial vs. temporal and visual vs. verbal. The very characteristics of the web medium such as infinite reproducibility, interpretive interactivity, non-physicality, and coded language, contribute to the affirmation of these postmodern concerns. The parallel between postmodern theory and a pure art form that coherently echoes its concepts, manifests the acceptance of web art into the microcosmic art community as well as the larger, info-driven society.

1. According to the passage, “landscape” (Line 1, Para. 1) refers to _____ which is achieved by information-based technology.

2. People in the field of art have accepted both the web aesthetic and _____ of the new-born web art.

3. Conceptual art, which refers to a new art form that transforms object or tangible thing into a conceptual form, is created by _____.

4. According to the passage, what is the function of the movement and ideals of postmodernism?

5. According to the passage, what are the features of web art that help to affirm the postmodern concerns?